PUNCTUATION CONTINUES

APOSTROPHE (‘)
􀁣 The apostrophe with ‘s’ is used to indicate possession:
Ram’s book, dog’s tail, Sita’s pen etc.
􀁣 It is used without ‘s’ to form the possessive of a plural noun ending in
‘s’:
The parents’ decision, the girls’ team
􀁣 It is used with ‘s’ to form the possessive of a plural noun that doesn’t
end in ‘s’:
Men’s uniform, children’s pencils.
􀁣 It is used in place of omitted letters in contractions:
‘tis (it is); don’t (do not); shan’t (shall not); I’m (I am); I’ll (I will);
It’s (It is); o’clock (of the clock)
􀁣 It is used to form the plurals of letters, figures and signs:
The number 6615886 contains three 6’s and two 8’s there are four
M.A.’s, four B.A.’s and four B.Com’s in our staff.
DASH (-)
11. The dash used to show a sudden change in thought:
He has decided to start his new business in- but have you seen his
new car?
12. It is used along with a colon to introduce a quotation:
Shakespeare says:-
13. It is used to summarize several subjects all belonging to the same verb:
Rahul, Neetu, Mitu amd Suman- no one went there to see her.
HYPHEN (-)
The hyphen is a smaller stroke as compared to the dash. It is used to join the parts
of a compound word:
Brother-in-law,
Commander-in-chief,
Looker-on
Maid-servant